AmaShayina wonke anenkumbulo efanayo, umama enza isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi. Simhlophe, sithambile futhi siyahlafuna. Ngemva kokunambitha, ukunambitheka kwesitashi esimnandi emlonyeni akupheli. Uma uzizwa ulambile, uthatha isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi bese uluma. Ama-nambitha akho angazizwa i-fiber ekhethekile kafulawa kakolweni ngisho noma ungenaso i-ehambisana naso. Uzofuna ukudla okunye. Ngokungazelelwe kudliwe isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi.
Imvelaphi yesinkwa esiphekiwe cishe ihlobene noZhuge Liang. Kungashiwo ukuthi uZhuge Liang wenza impumelelo enkulu ekuthumbeni uMeng Huo nasekunqobeni uNanman. Lapho ewela umfula, wahlangana nezipoki eziningi. Wacabanga ngalesi simo wabe esenquma ukucela usizo kunkulunkulu womfula. Kodwa akazange anikele ngomuntu. Wathatha inhlama ephekiwe esikhundleni samakhanda abantu waya kunkulunkulu womfula ukuze ayidle. Ngokwesimo sesiShayina, isinkwa esiphekiwe sibizwa nangokuthi i-mantou. Lapho abantu bekwazi ngakho, balandela futhi bazenzela isinkwa esiphekiwe.
Ngenxa yokuqonda emuva kanye nemibono yendabuko, ukukhiqizwa kwesinkwa esiphekiwe kuhlale kusezingeni lokukhiqiza komndeni noma e-workshop iminyaka eyizinkulungwane, ngokukhiqiza okuphansi, amandla aphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo okungekuhle. Ngemva kweminyaka yawo-1980, izwe lethu lidlula ochungechungeni lwezinguquko zezombusazwe, imibono yabantu yaqala ukushintshela ekwakhiweni komnotho. Inqubomgomo yokudla nayo yaqala ukushintsha kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe saseShayina nalo lwaqala kulokhu.
Lesi sikhathi sasisukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1980 kuya maphakathi nawo-1990. Ngo-1984, iKhomishini Yezomnotho Kahulumeni kanye noMnyango Wezohwebo bakhipha iphrojekthi yocwaningo ethi “Ucwaningo Ngobuchwepheshe Nemishini Yomugqa Wokukhiqiza Oqhubekayo Wesinkwa Esiphekiwe”. I-Zhengzhou Grain Institute yahlela abacwaningi bezobuchwepheshe abafanele ukuqala ukuhlola imboni yesinkwa esiphekiwe. Umugqa wokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe okuzenzakalelayo kanye nomugqa wokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe okuzenzakalelayo wohlobo lwe-MTX-250 kuye kwahlolwa ngokulandelana. Ngo-1986 nango-1991, ukuhlonza ubuchwepheshe kukazwelonke sekudlulisiwe, okuyinto izinga lokuzenzakalela komugqa wayo wokukhiqiza liphezulu, kungumqondo wokuqala wokukhiqizwa kwezimboni zesinkwa esiphekiwe eShayina. Ngo-1986, kwaphakanyiswa iyunithi yokubilisa okuqhubekayo eyasungulwa yi-Institute 608 yoMnyango Wezindiza. Kodwa-ke, zonke izinhlobo zemigqa yokukhiqiza zinqunyelwe ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu emishinini, amaphutha okusebenza kokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe benqubo obungenakuqhathaniswa. Ucwaningo ngobuchwepheshe benqubo nalo lwenziwa kulesi sigaba. Ochwepheshe abaningi nezazi baye bafunda ithonya lekhwalithi kafulawa esinkweni esiphekiwe ngomusi, amabhaktheriya okuphekelwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuphekelwa, ukugcinwa kobuthambile besinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi, kanye nokuthi hlobo luni lwenqubo yezobuchwepheshe efanele ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, oluye lwathola imiphumela emihle futhi lwabeka isisekelo esihle sokukhuthazwa komugqa wokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi wezimboni.
Ngokufika kwekhulu lama-21, isayensi nobuchwepheshe kuyathuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu futhi ijubane lemboni yesinkwa esiphekiwe liya phambili. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, imishini yomugqa wokukhiqiza oqhubekayo ithuthukiswa njalo, futhi ikhuthazwa kabanzi. Ixazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe zokwenza isinkwa esiphekiwe ngemibala ehlukene nezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nezinqubo zokubilisa, ukuvusa, ukufutha, ukupholisa kanye nokupakisha, okungagcini nje ngokusindisa umsebenzi wabantu kodwa futhi kwenza inqubo yokukhiqiza ibe lula ukuyilawula kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo izinze kakhudlwana. Umugqa wesimanje wokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe nge-bionic usuthathe indawo yokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe nge-bionic, ukukhiqizwa kwesinkwa esiphekiwe nge-bionic okusheshayo, okunempilo kakhudlwana, nokusebenza kahle kwesinkwa esiphekiwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamaqembu amaningi emphakathini wanamuhla.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yomugqa wokukhiqiza webhanisi eliphekiwe nge-bionic ilungiselelwe inqubo yendabuko. Iqukethe izingxenye eziyisithupha, njengokuxuba ama-noodle, ama-noodle okuxova i-bionic, izingcezu zokuxhuma ezizenzakalelayo, ukwakheka, ukusetha ipuleti okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokulayisha okuzenzakalelayo. Iwumugqa wokukhiqiza osebenza kahle kakhulu emakethe okwamanje. Ijubane lokukhiqiza lingu-200 / min futhi wonke umugqa wabasebenzi bokukhiqiza udinga abantu abangu-2-3 kuphela. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, isivuno esikhulu, ukulingisa yizinzuzo ezivelele zomugqa wokukhiqiza.
Umshini wokuxuba ufulawa unomsebenzi wokungenisa impuphu ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokungenisa amanzi. Ukuphathwa kwemodi yokusabalalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokusebenza okuyisihluthulelo esisodwa kuhlakaniphe kakhulu. I-Lift gland kanye nokufaka umoya kanye nesicaba kugcina indawo ihlanzekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kusetshenziswa umgodi wokuxuba okhethekile, oqhutshwa ngama-axes amabili bese uxutshwa ngendlela ehlukile ukuze wenze i-gluten ifane ngokulinganayo futhi ibeke isisekelo sesinkwa esiphekiwe ukuze kutholakale ukunambitheka kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ngemva kokuqeda inhlama, inhlama ingena endaweni yokucindezela ukuze iqedele kahle futhi isike ngobuningi bese ingena emshinini wokuxova inhlama ye-bionic ukuze ixove.
Umshini wokuxova we-bionic osheshayo usebenzisa uhlobo lokugoqa nokugoqa okwenziwe ngokuvundlile, okunobuso obucindezelayo obungu-10-50kg. Enqubweni yokuxova, i-gluten yakha isimo senethiwekhi. Inethiwekhi ye-gluten kanye nezinhlayiya zesitashi kuhlanganiswa kakhulu. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi senhlama sifana futhi sizinzile, okudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukunambitheka kwesinkwa esiphekiwe.
Inani lokufola nokuhlela lingabekwa ngokukhululeka esikrinini sokuthinta futhi lilungiswe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ifakwe ngedivayisi yokufutha uthuli, ukufutha uthuli okuzenzakalelayo kungabonakala ngokwesimo sokufutha uthuli.
Ngemva kokulungiswa kwezicubu zobuso, zithambile kakhulu. Ukuvuka ukuze ubambe igesi kanye nokuqina kungcono. Imikhiqizo ephekiwe ngomusi iyimigoqo emihle futhi ifana futhi iyahlafuna, enobuso obubushelelezi nombala omuhle.
Umshini we-splice ohlakaniphile ugoqa ngokuzenzakalelayo izintambo ezimbili ezingaphezulu, ubude bazo obuphakathi kuka-300-700mm. Ngokusebenzisa ukulawula isivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa, uhlelo lwe-PLC lulawula ukuthi ingemuva lomshini wokubumba lihlale lifana, okuqeda ukuqongelela kwebhande elingaphezulu noma ukwelula.
Umshini wokwakha isinkwa esiphekiwe onemisebenzi eminingi unciphisa ngokulinganayo ibhande lobuso, ugoqe futhi uhlanganise. Ama-roller amabili okuguqula ama-frequency angu-+8 axis star ashaya amakhalenda aqhubekayo obuso, ahlanganisa inethiwekhi ye-gluten futhi athuthukise ikhwalithi yobuso.
Ukulungiswa kwemishini kuyaguquguquka. Ububanzi besisindo bungalungiswa ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhiqiza, ezingalawulwa ngenkinobho eyodwa.
Inhlama ebunjiwe ingena emshinini wokuhlikihla nokubumba ukuze kuqhutshwe inqubo yokuhlikihla nokubumba. Inhlama ihlikihlwa ibe yisimo esiyindilinga. Ingxenye ephezulu ye-arc eyindilinga iyalungiswa bese kuthi ingxenye engezansi ibe yisimo. Imishini inehlukaniso olucacile futhi iyahambisana. Izinyathelo zenqubo zithuthukiswa kakhulu.
I-embryo ngemva kokuyibumba ifakwa emshinini wokusetha ipuleti othomathikhi ukuze ibekwe ipuleti. Umshini we-pendulum usebenzisa isakhiwo esihlanzekile somshini kanye nokulawula i-servo motor. Ukunyakaza kunembile futhi kumnene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ipuleti lesivinini esikhulu libekwa kahle ukuze kugcinwe isimo esihle senhlama.
Imishini yokulayisha ezenzakalelayo inciphisa ukuqina kwabasebenzi, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izindleko futhi ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwenkampani.
Inqubo yocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa komugqa wokukhiqiza isinkwa esiphekiwe nge-bionic inzima kakhulu. Inqubo yokukhiqiza inikeza isikhathi esigcwele izici zikafulawa. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ikhwalithi ephezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwesinkwa esiphekiwe kube nokunambitheka okunamandla, iphunga eligcwele, futhi kubuyisele ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kwama-noodle.
Namuhla, isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi sesakhe izinhlobo eziningi ezinezici zazo. Ngokuyinhloko ziwukudla okuyinhloko isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esiqinile, ngomqondo obanzi futhi kufaka phakathi imiqulu enemibala, zonke izinhlobo zama-buns aphekiwe ngomusi, uchungechunge lwekhekhe lezinwele, isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esinokolweni oluningi, isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esimnandi esiphundu, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nesinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esinempilo, isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esihlotshisiwe, isinkwa esiphekiwe ngomusi esinezingqimba eziningi njalo njalo.
Eminyakeni engama-40 edlule yokuguqula nokuvula, izinguquko etafuleni elincane ziye zacwilisa impilo ebabayo, ebabayo, emuncu nemnandi yabantu abavamile futhi zabona nezinguquko ezisheshayo zomnotho waseShayina.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-19-2022